Association Between Medication Adherence and Body Mass Index Among Elderly Patients with Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study
DOI:
10.65277/ohj.v3i2.178Downloads
Abstract
Background: Hypertension remains a major global health problem, with a high prevalence and low treatment adherence. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that 50-70% of patients do not adhere to antihypertensive therapy, which can hinder optimal blood pressure control. In addition, body mass index (BMI) is an important factor This study aimed to examine the association between medication adherence and body mass index among elderly patients with hypertension in the working area of the UPTD Motoboi Kecil Health Center.
Methods: This study employed a quantitative analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 76 respondents were selected using purposive sampling based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Medication adherence was measured using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), and BMI was assessed through direct measurement of weight and height. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to determine the association between variables.
Results: The findings showed that 52.6% of respondents were categorized as non-adherent to medication, while 39.5% had underweight BMI. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between medication adherence and BMI (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Medication adherence is significantly associated with body mass index among elderly patients with hypertension, indicating that adherence to treatment may reflect broader health behaviors influencing nutritional status. These findings highlight the importance of integrating adherence support and routine nutritional assessment into hypertension management in primary healthcare settings.
Keywords:
Medication adherence body mass index hypertension elderlyReferences
A. Karim, M., Syamsuddin, F. ., & Pakaya, A. W. . (2024). The Effect of Green Color Therapy on Lowering Blood Pressure in the Elderly with Hypertension. Omni Health Journal, 1(1), 14-20. https://doi.org/10.65277/ohj.v1i1.11
Abdur Rivai, et al. (2021). Relationship of compliance with medication in hypertension patients. Journal of Public Health Science Research.
Agus, A. I., & Rosmiati. (2025). Association of Family Support with Treatment Adherence in Tuberculosis Patients. Omni Health Journal, 3(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.65277/ohj.v3i1.233
Agus, A. I., & Rosmiati. (2025). Knowledge Level and Treatment Adherence among Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. Omni Nursing Journal, 2(4), 100-105. https://doi.org/10.65277/onj.v2i4.234
Alifariki, L. O. (2019). Epidemiology of hypertension: A research-based review.
Ardila, L., & Munir, N. W. . (2025). Association Between Blood Sugar Levels and Blood Pressure in Individuals with Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study. Omni Nursing Journal, 2(1), 12-17. https://doi.org/10.65277/onj.v2i1.137
Ardiyandika, N. N. (2019). Factors related to treatment adherence among hypertension patients at Posbindu PTM, Sidoarjo Village, Geneng District, Ngawi Regency. STIKES Bhakti Husada Mulia Madiun.
Athiqotul Himmah. (2021). The relationship between body mass index and blood pressure. Walisongo State Islamic University.
Cahyono, L. (2023). Journal of health science and practice development.
Darmawati. (2015). The relationship between spirituality level and blood pressure in hemodialysis patients at Taman Husada Bontang Hospital. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling.
Darmojo, B. (2019). Epidemiology of hypertension: A research-based review. Leutika Prio.
Dewi Ayuningtyas. (2022). The relationship between knowledge level and adherence to antihypertensive medication among hypertension patients at Mulyasari Hospital, North Jakarta. University of 17 August 1945.
Ellis, D. (2020). The effect of family social support on the quality of life of the elderly at the Ria Pembangunan Nursing Home, East Jakarta.
Eri Riana Pertiwi. (2024). Analysis of the Application of Deep Breathing Relaxation Techniques in Reducing Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients. Omni Health Journal, 1(2), 40-45. https://doi.org/10.65277/ohj.v1i2.45
Fenti Umami. (2021). The relationship between body mass index and hypertension in pre-elderly aged 45-55 years in Kaliwungu Village, Jombang Regency.
Huda, B., et al. (2020). Analysis of the availability of antihypertensive drugs and its effect on hypertension treatment at community health centers in Bandar Lampung City. https://doi.org/2541-0849
Inggara, R. A., Ririnisahawaitun, & Sari, A. S. (2024). Relationship Between Stress Levels and Sleep Quality with Hypertension Incidence in Elderly Individuals. Omni Nursing Journal, 1(4), 122-128. https://doi.org/10.65277/onj.v1i4.151
Kholifah. (2019). Gerontic nursing.
Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. (2019). Basic health research (Riskesdas). Health Research and Development Agency.
Ringgo Alfarisi. (2023). The relationship between medication adherence, body mass index, and blood pressure among elderly patients with hypertension. Malahayati Medical Journal, 7(2).
Rumba, S., Abudin, L. S., & Umamity, S. (2024). The Relationship Between Family Support and the Stage of Hypertension in the Elderly. Omni Nursing Journal, 1(1), 30-36. https://doi.org/10.65277/onj.v1i1.7
Salsa Sasmita Ismail, Mulyadi, M., & Watung, G. I. (2025). The Relationship between Sleep Quality and Physical Fatigue in the Elderly. Omni Health Journal, 2(1), 17-21. https://doi.org/10.65277/ohj.v2i1.79
Siska Nabila Ariani. (2022). The relationship between medication adherence, blood pressure control, and quality of life in hypertension patients. Sultan Agung Islamic University.
World Health Organization. (2023). Hypertension. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Sitti Rafikah Ododai, Helkim S. Laode Manika, Widya Astuti (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Omni Health Journal agree to the following terms:
-
Copyright and First Publication Rights
Authors retain copyright of their work and grant the journal the right of first publication. The work is simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are properly cited. -
Use and Distribution
The CC BY 4.0 license allows authors and others to share, copy, redistribute, adapt, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, including commercial use, with appropriate attribution. Authors retain full copyright without restriction, while the journal retains unrestricted publishing rights. -
Additional Contractual Arrangements
Authors may enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal’s published version of the work (e.g., depositing it in an institutional repository or including it in a book), provided that acknowledgment of its initial publication in Omni Health Journal is clearly stated. -
Online Posting and Open Access Policy
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories, personal websites, or academic platforms) both prior to and during the submission process, as this may facilitate scholarly exchange and increase citation impact in accordance with open access principles.
For further information regarding the license, please visit:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
